CONTENT PAGE
Section Page
No
Introduction 4
Task 1
1. Understand
how to select a research question
1.1: Select a research question 5
1.2:
Explain the factors that contribute to the process of successful research
question selection 6
1.3
Justify the choice of research question 7
Task
2
2:
Be able to conduct a
literature review
2.1:
Conduct a research to find literature relevant to the research question 9
2.2:
Undertake a critical review of the key literature for inclusion in a research
proposal
Task 3 10
3: Understand techniques used to
interpret data in a research proposal 11
3.1:
Evaluate techniques for use with
quantitative data in a research proposal 12
3.2:
Evaluate techniques for use with qualitative data in a research proposal 13
Task 4
4: Be able to choose the appropriate
methodology to research the question 14
4.1:
Evaluate appropriate research methodologies in terms of the research question 15
4.2:
Choose an appropriate methodology in terms of the research question 16
4.3:
Justify the methodology selected in terms of research question 18
Task 5
Be
able to present the findings of a research proposal
5.1 Record findings on a research
question, literature review and methodology in the specified format 19
5.2:
Summarise what you want to find and what methods you will be using and what
methods you have used to prepare this proposal 20
5.3
Present in report format the findings using suitable methods. 22
5.4
Critically analyse the findings 23
Conclusion 24
Bibliography 25
Introduction
This
module introduces the fundamental elements of a qualitative approach to
research, to help the learner to understand and become proficient in the
various research methods discussed in subsequent modules. The objective of this
paper is to enable the student to learn about the various research methods and
the best methodology to use when conducting a research.
This
paper discuss the inductive and the deductive approach, the paper also look at
the quantitative and qualitative approach, the learner should gain a clear
understanding on the research method procedure.
1.1:
Select a research question
Selecting
a good research question is not an easy task, it requires a lot of
brainstorming and good analytical thinking. The researcher should have an idea
has to what the end product should be like and the research should be narrow
and focused enough to be interesting, yet broad enough to find adequate
information. The below are a list of steps one must go through when selecting a
research question.
Step
1 – Identify an Area of Interest:
Step
2 – Browse the Literature: What has been done?
Step
3 – Pick a Topic: In one word or less, what do you want to study?
Step
4 – Conduct a Literature Search: Does the existing literature address the
topic?
Step
5 – Identify a Research Question: What are the variables going to be?
The
question below is my selected research question for this subject. This paper
will discuss the various research methodologies, i.e. inductive and deductive
methods.
Research Question
“During
the acquisition of Lehman Brother, what was the implication of the acquisition
on Barclay’s culture and how communication helps to resolve the cultural
differences?”
The
below are objectives that will form the basis of the research question.
ü To critically evaluate the impact
of communication during the acquisition of Lehman Brothers by Barclays plc.
ü To critically evaluate the SWOT
during the acquisition of Lehman Brothers
ü To critically examine Barclays
communication link between B&L
1.2:
Explain the factors that contribute to the process of successful research
question selection.
The
following factors listed below are considered to be a major contribution
factors to a good and well researched paper.
·
In depth research question
·
Authenticity and Clarity
·
The research objectives must be
clear and valid
·
Variables
In depth research
question
Selecting
the research question is the first task of the assignment, before selecting the
research question the researchers has to take a number of things into
consideration, such as the objective of the question and the information the
researcher is hoping to convey to the readers.
Authenticity and
Clarity
The
research question must be clear and there must be some evidence to facilitate the
base of thkm 7 e research question.
Although there is a lots of information available about the way a research
question can be research and defined, there are still some uncertain thoughts,
therefore the objective of the author is to clearly explain the method and the
approach of the question.
The research
objectives must be clear and valid
The
objectives and aim that lie behind the research question must be valid, clear
and objective; this will form the basis for a good research.
Variables
Variables
are important to a research question it plays a curial role in the selection of
the research question. Every research questions has two variables these are
independent variable and dependent variables.
According
to (lhup.edu, n.d) an
independent variable is a factor that is manipulated in an experiment.
The experimenter controls whether or not subjects are exposed to the
independent variable. The dependent variable is measured to
determine if the manipulation of the independent variable had any effect.
1.3:
Justify the choice of research question
Lehman
filed for bankruptcy on September 15, 2008, the largest bankruptcy filling in
American history. Barclays capitalized on the weakness of Lehman, seeing them
acquiring Lehman at a record price below market value at a Wapping $1.85bilion
Barclays benefited from a massive windfall of $13bilion.
Based
on this view, I have selected to examine the acquisition of Lehman Brother, and what was the implication of the
acquisition on Barclay’s culture and how communication helps to resolve the
cultural differences”. The case study will provide insight into the
acquisition of Lehman Brothers by its acquirer “Barclays plc.” Barclays is one of the most important organizations
in the financial sector.
The
research questions has two fundamental methods for designing the research
project: first, to gather
naturally-occurring discourse data; and second, to analyse that data for what
it reveals about the acquisition and how
the culture of the organization was affected base on the acquisition. While
these two fundamental methods require much elaboration and specification on the
researcher part, they are the foundation on which the analytical perspective is
built.
Below, the researcher will first state the
research objectives, after which the researcher will discuss in detail the methodology
for meeting this objective, the following factors listed below are considered
to be a major contribution factors to a good and well researched paper.
Research Objectives
The
below are objectives that will form the basis of the research question.
ü To critically evaluate the impact
of communication during the acquisition of Lehman Brothers by Barclays plc.
ü To critically evaluate the SWOT
during the acquisition of Lehman Brothers
ü To critically examine Barclays
communication link between B&L
ü The objective of a corporate
communication strategy for B&L
Using Variables
The
present of independent and dependent variable is very important in the research
question; the selected research question will carry both variables. Cultural communication will be treated as
independent and Barclays and Lehman Brothers will be treated as dependent.
Validity
The
research question selected is based on the acquisition of Lehman Brother that
took place on September 15, 2008; the acquisition was the largest in American
history. The answer to this research problem will produce an empirical research
paper.
Suitability
The
research problem selected is suitable for this paper as it reflect a real life
situation that affect America business environment and it reflect a valid
research problem.
Precision & Clarity
The
research question is an actual event that took place therefore the researcher
will be able to provide factual and accurate information on the research
question. The objective a guideline set out in the question is achievable base
on the research question.
Completeness
The
research question is completed in all aspect as it provides the two variables,
independent and dependent.
2.1 Conduct a
research to find literature relevant to the research question
After intense research on the internet the researcher came up with a
literature that is relevant to the research question. According to (ukessays.com, n.d) this paper will
discuss the acquisition and the cultural clashes between Barclays and Lehman
brothers. This merger is very historic because the Lehman brother is one of the
oldest banks of the United States. The
researcher will discuss the challenges faced by management of the new
organisation with specific reference to Human Resource Management and then on
next stage we will discuss the Barclays PLC’s decision in merging with Lehman
Brothers. This analysis will consider issues related to Culture, Conflict and
Change.
Perspectives of Barclays PLC & Lehman Brothers Mergers
Clearly, the benefits of Barclays PLC & Lehman Brothers mergers are
numerous, but to examine those benefits in the context of human resource
management organisational mergers are examined from three perspectives:
management, the employee, and the human resource management function according
to (ukessays.com, n.d) cited by (Kets de et al. 2007, P:
11-50).
The Management Perspective
From the perspective of management, Barclays PLC & Lehman Brothers
mergers offer a great deal. They allow management to interface with both the
external and internal environment. With regard to the external environment,
they allow the organization to project an image of fitness, progressiveness,
and robustness. These programs can aid in attracting all manner of resources
from the environment, from funding to new personnel (ukessays.com, n.d) cited by (Kets de et al. 2006, P:
111-120).
With regard to the internal environment, wellness programs offer a way
of establishing and maintaining an effective corporate culture. They offer a
way of securing the loyalty and commitment of employees by showing them that
the organization is concerned about their welfare. In short, organisational
mergers offer a means of social control (ukessays.com, n.d) cited by (Brewis, 2002).
Last, consider these organisational mergers management programs that
offer a means of securing increased productivity for the organization.
Organisational mergers are concerned with the organisational image status of
the employee and its effect on productivity management. It uses worker
productivity as a measure of the success of organisation, thus transforming
organisational mergers from an environmental issue to a business issue (ukessays.com, n.d) cited by (Jacobson,
2001).
2.2 Undertake a
critical review of the key literature for inclusion in a research
proposal.
Barclays was faced with three most critical issues while or during the
integration with Barclays. These issues would be briefly explained as below.
All of this information is based on the secondary research which was derived
from or through conversation with the Barclays staff that had experienced
changes.
Critical review of the key literature issues can be seen as follows.
Integration of the Lehman brothers with Barclays: - the main issues in
the organisation were due to the integration of the Lehman brothers with US
businesses.
The integration had to be done quickly to minimize disruption in the
business and to reduce the customers transferring their accounts to other
investment banks. While the integration process was pursued very quickly by the
Barclays, it resulted a lot of stress being created among the staff in the bank
which also resulted into some departing the bank for other opportunities (ukessays.com,
n.d)
cited by (masters, 2008).the external environment made the already existent
issue of uncertainty of the decisions which saw the worsening of the financial
crisis in the market. In the integration of the business the leadership of
Barclays and the Lehman brothers played a very important role.
Culture of Barclays versus Lehman brothers:-along with the issue of
integration another issue that the firm faced was that both the firms
operations were different enough to cause clashes among or between the staffs
of both the organisations. the number of staff staying put in the organisation
was the key indicator in the success of the integration of the acquisition of
the businesses (ukessays.com, n.d) cited by (saigol, 2008).a few concerns
were raised regarding the fact that the integration was not processing
effectively as there was a number of staff of the Lehman brothers who did not
join Barclays or eventually joined other organisations of their interest with
lesser work load or having better working conditions while some of them just
left the firm due to the integration process. Also Barclays was accused of not
handling the integration process effectively which resulted in the departure of
the staff from the Lehman brothers organisation.
Lehman staff’s motivation:-third issue faced by the organisations in
this case was the motivation of the Lehman staff. a large uncertainty was
placed among the staff due to the integration of the Barclays and the Lehman
staff.
3. Understand techniques used to interpret data
in a research proposal?
There
are two techniques that can be used to understand and interpret the data in a
research proposal. These two technique are quantitative and qualitative
analyse; it is important for the researcher to understand the difference
between both techniques.
According
to (Snap Survey Software, 2011) Qualitative Research is
primarily exploratory research. It is used to gain an understanding of
underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations. It provides insights into the
problem or helps to develop ideas or hypotheses for potential quantitative
research. Qualitative Research is also used to uncover trends in thought and
opinions, and dive deeper into the problem.
Quantitative Research is used to quantify the problem by
way of generating numerical data or data that can be transformed into useable
statistics. It is used to quantify attitudes, opinions, behaviours, and other
defined variables – and generalize results from a larger sample population.
Quantitative Research uses measurable data to formulate facts and uncover
patterns in research.
3.1 Evaluate
techniques for use with quantitative data in a research proposal
A
quantitative approach is one in which the researcher primarily uses
postpositive claims for developing knowledge (i.e., cause and effect thinking,
reduction to specific variables and hypotheses and questions, use of
measurement and observation, and the test of the ories), employs strategies of
inquiry such as experiments and surveys, and collect data on predetermined instruments that yield
statistics data.
Alternatively,
a qualitative approach is one in which the inquirer often makes knowledge
claims based primarily on constructivist perspectives (i.e., the multiple
meanings of individual experiences meanings socially and historically
constructed, with an intent of developing a theory or pattern) or advocacy/participatory
perspectives (i.e., political, issue-oriented, collaborative, or change
oriented) or both. It also
sues strategies of
inquiry such as narratives, phenomenologies, ethnographies, grounded
theory studies, or case
studies. The researcher collects
open-ended, emerging data with the primary intent of developing themes from the
data
Presentation
of Data
According
to (canterbury, n.d) Data can be presented as text, in
tables, or pictorially as graphs and charts. Figures should not normally be put
into text unless there are just two or three numbers. Tables and graphs are
much clearer. Tables are usually the best way of showing structured numeric
information, whereas graphs and charts are better for showing relationships,
making comparisons and indicating trends. Even where a graph or chart is used,
it is usual to include a table to show the data from which it was drawn.
The
quantitative research uses the statistical table which illustrate information;
therefore, the researcher can apply various techniques within the perimeter of
the quantitative data while doing in-depth research of the research problem.
Forecasting
and trend
A forecast is a projection into the future that
is based on evidence of past results, while a trend is based on “what is
happening in similar market. The research analyses take into consideration the
forecasting and trend of the market, therefore the researcher would have to
look at the changes in the market.
3.2 Evaluate
techniques for use with qualitative data in a research proposal
Quantitative methodologies - involves those
methodologies, such as closed surveys structured interviews and sociograms
(diagrammatic representations of interactions between individuals) which enable
data (concrete or conceptual) to be collected, measured and compared with a
standard, in addition, the Quantitative
research does not have to be presented into a numerical form.
Qualitative data - Involves a
phenomenological perspective whereby researchers aim to understand report and
evaluate the meaning of events for people in particular situations, that is,
how their social world is structured by the participants in it.
Observation - This methodology
involves watching and recording behaviours within a clearly defined area. The
researcher plays the role of passive observer and is, therefore, outside the
action/s being observed and recorded.
Coding Techniques- The
quantitative method makes use of the coding techniques in-order to rid of the
unwanted information, hence this technique will bring the information to a more
manageable and organized form.
Statistical analysis - Examining data to interpret meaning, make generalisations
and extrapolate trends Often the data come in graphical form and because these
data are expressed in the language of mathematics, they should be evaluated and
interpreted by means of ;appropriate mathematical or statistical procedures.
Categorisation – Quantitative data is
categorised into direct and indirect classes the researcher, can break the
information into further sub-categories. This action will filter out the
unwanted information, leaving only the information need.
Presentation- Presentation analyses
is very curial to the way data is presented, while presenting the qualitative
analyse, the information or the data must be presented in an understandable
manner, there must be clarity and openness, therefore the presentation must be
logical. It is imperative that the researcher ensure that the research follows
a well presented format.
4:
Be able to choose the appropriate methodology to research the question
In-order
to produce an empirical and highly practical research, the researcher must use
a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches; the researcher must
consider which of the diverse methods used in research are most appropriate for
the investigation and answering of the question.
The choice of methods and the way in which
they are implemented will largely be determined by the research question, but
will also be influenced by practical consideration, such as material
availability.
According
to (eippee, n.d)
Research may involve either empirical data (“fact” identified within a pre
specified conceptual view) or conceptual data. Empirical research is often
adding up results to describe situation or to test theories. Conceptual research
is often developing and arranging conceptual understandings
The
complex nature of the project can sometimes make it difficult for all aspects
of a research question to be answered by a single method. “Mixed method” refers to research in which
the researcher collects and analyses data, integrates the finding, and draws
inferences using more than one method.
4.1 Evaluate
appropriate research methodologies in terms of the research question
The
purpose of research methodologies is to discover answers to questions through
the application of scientific procedures. The main aim of research is to find
out the truth which is hidden and which has not been discovered as yet. The following types of research methodologies
are used by researcher to gain understanding.
·
Action
Research
·
Intervention
Research Methodology
·
Non-
Intervention Research Methodology
Action research
An informal, qualitative,
interpretive, reflective and experimental methodology that requires all the
participants to be collaborative researchers, According to (research proposal, n.d) Action research is
carried out by people who usually recognise a problem or limitation in their
workplace situation and, together, devise a plan to counteract the problem,
implement the plan, observe what happens, reflect on these outcomes, revise the
plan, implement it, reflect, revise and so on. Action research can be thought
of as a spiral of planning, acting, observing and reflecting, occurring through
time until the most desirable outcomes for all participants are achieved.
Intervention
Research Methodology
According
to (hreid.co.za, n.d) cited by Rothman and
Thomas (1994, 25), intervention research is a form of applied research. (hreid.co.za, n.d) Cited by Comer,
Meier and Galinsky (2004, 250) describe Rothman and Thomas’ intervention
research as a “developmental research method” that is “more flexible than conventional
experimental designs”. It takes account of issues which are of importance to
the target group and aims to promote an Understanding of these issues (hreid.co.za, n.d) cited by (Rothman
& Thomas 1994, 25). In terms of
post-positive enquiry, one could assume that traditional intervention research
is a methodology of understanding experimental and clinical research.
Non-
Intervention Research Methodology
Non-intervention
Research Methodology has no impact on the behaviour of the participants,
therefore there is no alteration or changes caused to the research
participants. Non-Intervention Research Methodology can be broken down into two
classes these are Observational Research and behavioural Research, this type of
research is based on large population.
4.2
Choose an appropriate methodology in terms of the research question
Research methodology generally involves qualitative
research or quantitative research, or a mixture of both. A quantitative research methodology involves the analysis of data collected from a
large number of surveys or interviews. On the other hand, methodologies for
qualitative research often involve using surveys or interviews to collect
information about people — their attitudes, experiences and behaviours.
The
Methodology that will be used in terms of the research question will be the
qualitative research which involves a
phenomenological perspective. The researcher aims to evaluate the meaning of
events for people in particular situations, the characteristic of qualitative
research are as follows.
Interview - an interview may be
tightly structured, semi-structured, unstructured, in-depth or conversational.
This methodology involves the researcher and the interviewee in a one-to-one
situation and may be quite time consuming. The researcher may interview several
people at different times using the same interview question schedule.
Participant observation - The researcher is immersed in the action being observed but
their role as researcher is not obvious. Wherein the researcher's role is more
in the open is the participant-as-observer methodology. In this, the researcher
still participates in, as well as observes, the action being studied but does
so with the knowledge of other participants.
Ethnographic study - The systematic collection of data derived from direct
observation of the everyday life of a particular society, group or subculture.
this methodology requires the researcher's immersion in the culture/subculture
under study and is an interactive process.
Data Collection- The collection of data and the ability to convert
data into understandable information plays an important to role in producing a
good research paper. The information should be reliable and genuine therefore
the most appropriate tools for information gathering should be selected and
used, hence the outcome should be practical. It is very important for the
researcher to mention the method use to collect the data and the methodology
used for the research proposal. The researcher would have to mention where the
information has been taken from, this will help the researcher prove
authenticity of the research. The researcher can get the information to conduct
his research from various channels such as, television, books, journals and
other genuine published materials. It is best that the researcher try to get
inside information on the company that the research will be carried out on,
this can be done by arranging an interview or simply visit the company website
for the information needed. The researcher will use quantitative or qualitative
or a combination of both in order to produce a good research paper, the primary
or secondary method will be used to collect the data needed to complete the
research.
4.3
Justify the methodology selected in terms of research question
The
below will be used to justify the quantitative methodology selected by the
researcher these are as follow:
Questionnaire - a
common place instrument for collecting data beyond the physical reach of the
researcher, i.e., from a large or diverse sample of people. It is an impersonal
instrument for collecting information and must, therefore, contain clear
questions, worded as simply as possible to avoid any confusion. The questionnaire should be designed to
fulfil a specific research objective; it should be brief and the sequence of
the questions logical.
Survey - A
methodology which can use different instruments such as observation, interview
or a written list of questions called a questionnaire. Surveys are help with
the gathering of information, this method can be a useful too tool researcher
to use for the research problem.
Interview - an
interview may be tightly structured, semi-structured, unstructured, in-depth or
conversational. This methodology involves the researcher and the interviewee in
a one-to-one situation and may be quite time consuming. The researcher may
interview several people at different times using the same interview question
schedule.
The
researcher will use the above to gather the raw data and transform the raw data
into information whereas the information can will help with the research
question.
5.1 Record findings
on a research question, literature review and methodology in the specified
format.
Methodology and
methods- This
section includes a clear justification for the chosen methodology and research
method. The length and depth of the research depends on the objective of the
researcher and the information he or she is trying to convey to the readers.
Recording findings-This section depend solely on
the methodology used by the researcher, if the researcher use a quantitative
method survey, then the researcher will record the finding using table, graphs,
pie charts and associated statistics. If the researcher conducts a qualitative
research then this section will consist of descriptive prose containing lengthy
questionnaires etc.
Format- Before the researcher start the
research the researcher have to find out whether or not the research will be
restricted by a particular structure, style and content of the final work.
The
researcher has to take into consideration the targeted audience, listed below
is a traditional format for a research.
ü Title Page
ü Content Page
ü List of illustrations
ü Acknowledgements
ü Abstract/Summary
ü Introduction
ü Background
ü Methodology
ü Finding/Analysis
ü Conclusions
ü Recommendations
ü Further Search
ü References
ü Bibliography
ü Appendices
Comparisons
will help the researcher to: contrast concepts, uncover competing theories to
explain the same phenomenon, consider various research designs, consider different
instruments for data collection and discover instruments already developed.
This comparison will allow the researcher to consider whether a survey or an
experiment will be most suitable for the proposed research.
5.2:
Summarise what you want to find and what methods you will be using and what
methods you have used to prepare this proposal.
Barclays and Lehman
Brothers are two strong companies with their own culture, therefore during the
integration of the two companies it is evident that there would be strong
culture clashes between them which would need to resolve internally. The
integration was an obvious basis for conflicts that existed or were starting to
manifest in the integration of the businesses. According to (Barclays PLC Organizational Behaviour, n.d) As the key
“surviving” entity Barclays has an advantage as its culture would have the
dominant base, the objective of this question is to find out how communication
can resolve the cultural difference between Barclays and Lehman Brothers. The
method that will be used to achieved this are as follows:
Method that will be
used
Deductive
and Inductive are two methods of logical reasoning. Deductive reasoning works
from the more general to the more specific this often referred to as a top down
approach. Inductive
reasoning works the other way, moving from more specific observations to
broader generalizations and theories. This is often called a bottom up
approach.
For
the purpose of this question we will choose the deductive method which is the
qualitative approach.
The
Qualitative method will be used to find out the cultural problems facing
Barclays during the integration of Lehman Brothers.
Qualitative research
shares these characteristics.
ü Seeks
answers to a question
ü Systematically
uses a predefined set of procedures to answer the question
ü Collects
evidence
ü Produces
findings that were not determined in advance
ü Produces
findings that are applicable beyond the immediate boundaries of the study
Qualitative Research
seek to understand a given research problem or topic from the perspectives of
the local population.
According to (fhi360.org, n.d) the strength of
qualitative research is its ability to provide complex textual descriptions of
how people experience a given research issue. It provides information about the
“human” side of an issue – that is, the often contradictory behaviours,
beliefs, opinions, emotions, and relationships of individuals. Qualitative
methods are also effective in identifying intangible factors, such as social
norms, socioeconomic status, gender roles, ethnicity, and religion, whose role
in the research
Method that was used to
prepare the research proposal
Participant
observation- is appropriate for collecting data on
naturally occurring behaviours in their usual contexts.
In-depth
interviews- are optimal for collecting data on individuals’
personal histories, perspectives, and experiences, particularly when sensitive
topics are being explored.
Focus
groups- are effective in eliciting data on the cultural
norms of a group and in generating broad overviews of issues of concern to the
cultural groups or subgroups represented.
The listed above are
three most common qualitative methods, explained in detail in their respective
modules, are participant observation, in-depth interviews, and focus groups.
Each method is particularly suited for obtaining a specific type of data.
5.3
Present in report format the findings using suitable methods.
Format- Before the researcher start the
research the researcher have to find out whether or not the research will be
restricted by a particular structure, style and content of the final work.
The
researcher has to take into consideration the targeted audience, listed below
is a traditional format for a research.
ü Title Page
ü Content Page
ü List of illustrations
ü Acknowledgements
ü Abstract/Summary
ü Introduction
ü Background
ü Methodology
ü Finding/Analysis
ü Conclusions
ü Recommendations
ü Further Search
ü References
ü Bibliography
ü Appendices
Comparisons
will help the researcher to: contrast concepts, uncover competing theories to
explain the same phenomenon, consider various research designs, consider
different instruments for data collection and discover instruments already
developed. This comparison will allow the researcher to consider whether a
survey or an experiment will be most suitable for the proposed research.
5.4
Critically analyse the findings
The primary purpose of this subject is to
conduct a research on a research question selected by myself the (Researcher).
My research question is “During
the acquisition of Lehman Brother, what was the implication of the acquisition
on Barclay’s culture and how communication helps to resolve the cultural
differences?”
The
reason for choosing this question is based solely on the fact that I am
familiar with the banking crises that send chill through the financial market
during the recession. Lots of company fall victim to the recession some
companies were fortunate to received government bailout while the less
fortunate companies such as, Lehman Brothers did not received government help.
I
take particular interest into the collapsed of Lehman Brothers because of its
rich history and its ability to with stand two world wars but failure to with
stand the 2007 recession, what went wrong?
Lehman filed for bankruptcy on September 15, 2008, the largest
bankruptcy filling in American history. Barclays capitalized on the weakness of
Lehman, seeing them acquiring Lehman at a record price below market value at a
Wapping $1.85bilion Barclays benefited from a massive windfall of $13bilion.
Various
methods such as, deductive, inductive, Quantitative and qualitative are used in
the research question to identify and analysed the communication and cultural
problems that face Barclays and Lehman Brothers during the integration of the
two companies.
The
Gantt chart below represents the number of weeks it take to complete this
project
Conclusion
This
paper examines the unique features and relevance of qualitative research and
addresses its critics. A select group of methodologies are examined with
respect to their utility for and approach to a research questions.
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please can you send me the references
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